Data diodes are genuine one-way hardware — a send-only optical transmitter on the high side and a receive-only sensor on the low side, with no reverse fiber or emitter. Used in nuclear, defense, electric grid, rail signaling, and OT/ICS security. TCP breaks across one (its ACKs have no return medium), so UDP or paired one-way proxies carry the data instead.
Vendors: Owl Cyber Defense, Waterfall Security, OPSWAT (MetaDefender Optical Diode), Advenica, ST Engineering.
Certification nuance: OPSWAT's MetaDefender Optical Diode and Owl's XDE Radium are EAL4+; there is no Common Criteria Protection Profile specifically for data diodes, so mutual-recognition caps at EAL2. (No EAL7 diode exists.)
Secondary anchor (optional, not the diode mechanism): commit-without-revealing also appears in blind signatures — Chaum, "Blind Signatures for Untraceable Payments," CRYPTO '82 (proceedings 1983).
· carrier — the 3-2-1-0 clock (111011010000), voiced at the gate tone on push. Music, not data. The failed ACK produces no sound — you notice the silence where a confirmation tone would be. (We never sonify ∅.)
· language — the glyph line and the two independently-recomputed SHA-256 seals.
· art — the photons and the TOPH/Patricia framing.