Canvas 2D · WebGL2 · Web Audio
CODATA 2018 physics constants
ROOT0 / David Lee Wise / TriPod LLC
Full Kardashev Energy Ladder · 10⁰ → 10⁴⁷ W
Tier 2 · Fusion Scale · New
Fusion Reactor
10⁶ – 10¹⁰ W · GW range
Real Bosch-Hale D-T cross-sections. Tokamak (ITER geometry) and inertial confinement (NIF-style) modes. Lawson criterion live meter. Q factor, net power, reaction rate. Three fuel types.
Tokamak ICF Lawson nτT D-T / D-D / p-B¹¹ Kerr metric
Open Reactor
Tier 3 · Stellar Scale
Dyson Sphere
10²⁰ – 10²⁶ W · Kardashev II
Swarm, Bubble, and Shell variants. Real solar flux F=L/(4πR²), Kepler orbital mechanics, Stefan-Boltzmann equilibrium temperature, Kardashev index. Bubble critical areal density for statite hover.
Swarm Statite Bubble Rigid Shell Kardashev Scale Orbital Mech
Open Sphere
Storage & Propulsion Scale · New
Antimatter Engine
10¹⁴ – 10¹⁷ J/kg · highest energy density known
Not a source — a storage medium. p + p̄ annihilation as propulsion. Penning trap confinement, photon / pion / thermal rocket modes. Tsiolkovsky Δv with relativistic correction. Trip times to destinations. Production efficiency reality check.
Photon Rocket Pion Exhaust Penning Trap Tsiolkovsky Δv Destinations
Open Engine
Tier 4 · Black Hole Scale
Black Hole Extractor
10³⁰ – 10⁴⁷ W · Quasar regime
Four extraction methods — Hawking radiation, superradiant scattering, Penrose process, Blandford-Znajek. Real Kerr metric with horizons r± = (rₛ/2)(1 ± √(1−a²)). Accretion disk and relativistic jet animation.
Hawking 0.1% Superradiance 4.8% Penrose 20.7% Blandford-Znajek Kerr Metric
Open Extractor
Energy Scale Reference
10¹³ WEarth 2024 total civilization powerbaseline
10⁹ WITER design fusion output (500 MW)↗ Fusion Reactor
10¹⁰ WNIF ignition target, commercial fusion plant↗ Fusion Reactor
10¹⁶ WKardashev Type 1 — planetary civilization—
10²⁶ WSolar luminosity — full stellar capture↗ Dyson Sphere
10²⁶ WKardashev Type 2 — stellar civilization↗ Dyson Sphere
10³⁶ WKardashev Type 3 — galactic civilization—
10¹⁷ J/kgAntimatter annihilation energy density — storage & propulsion↗ Antimatter Engine
10³⁸ WStellar-mass black hole (BZ process, a→1)↗ Black Hole
10⁴⁷ WSupermassive BH (10⁹ M☉, AGN / quasar regime)↗ Black Hole
Fusion · Lawson Criterion
nτT > 3×10²¹ m⁻³·s·keV
Q = P_fusion / P_heating
⟨σv⟩_DT peak ≈ 3.7×10⁻²² m³/s at 70 keV
T_ignition ≈ 13–20 keV (150–230 MK)
ITER: n=10²⁰, τ=3.7s, T=15keV → Q≈10 target
Dyson Sphere · Power Capture
F = L☉ / (4πR²)
P = F × A × coverage × (1−albedo)
T_eq = [F(1−a) / (2σε)]^(1/4)
K = (log₁₀P − 6) / 10
σ_crit = L/(4πGMc) for radiation-pressure hover
Black Hole · Kerr Metric
rₛ = 2GM/c²
r± = (rₛ/2)(1 ± √(1−a²))
T_H = ℏc³ / (8πGMk_B)
η_max(Penrose) ≈ 29.3% (a→1)
BZ: P ∝ a²B²M² — requires accreting magnetized plasma
Physics Constants · CODATA 2018
G = 6.67430×10⁻¹¹ m³/kg·s²
c = 2.99792458×10⁸ m/s
ℏ = 1.05457×10⁻³⁴ J·s
k_B= 1.38065×10⁻²³ J/K
All simulators use exact CODATA 2018 values