🌊 DEEPEST SEA — CHALLENGER DEEP 10,925m — PRESSURE LABELED — v207 DEEPEST SEA — HOW FAR AND PRESSURE PLEASE 🌊 - GO TO THE DEEPEST IN THE SEA THAT YOU CAN LABEL HOW FAR AND PRESSURE PLEASE — DEEPEST SEA — CHALLENGER DEEP 10,925m — MARIANA TRENCH — DEEPEST POINT IN OCEAN — 10,925m deep — pressure labeled — how far and pressure — DEEPEST SEA - HOW FAR: - 10,925m = 10.925km = 6.79 miles = 35,843 ft = 11,942 yards - Mariana Trench Challenger Deep — deepest point in Earth's oceans - Located in western Pacific Ocean, east of Philippines, south of Japan - Depth measured by sonar, submersibles Trieste 1960, James Cameron 2012, Victor Vescovo 2019-2020 - 10,925m = 10.925km deep — how far — deepest sea - PRESSURE LABELED — P=ρgh+Patm: - Formula: P = ρgh + Patm, ρ=1025 kg/m3 seawater, g=9.81 m/s2, h=depth, Patm=101,325 Pa - 0m SURFACE: h=0m, P=101 kPa = 1 atm = 14.7 psi = 1.013 bar = 0.101 MPa — epipelagic sunlight zone 0-200m - 200m EPIPELAGIC LIMIT: h=200m, P=ρgh=1025*9.81*200=2.01 MPa +0.101=2.11 MPa = 20.8 atm +1=21.8 atm ≈21 atm = 308 psi = 21.1 bar = 2.11 MPa — twilight zone starts - 1,000m MESOPELAGIC-BATHYPELAGIC BOUNDARY: h=1000m, P=1025*9.81*1000=10.06 MPa +0.101=10.16 MPa = 100.3 atm +1=101.3 atm ≈101 atm = 1,485 psi = 101.6 bar = 10.16 MPa — midnight zone, no sunlight - 4,000m BATHYPELAGIC-ABYSSOPELAGIC BOUNDARY: h=4000m, P=1025*9.81*4000=40.22 MPa +0.101=40.32 MPa = 398 atm +1=399 atm ≈401 atm with more precise ρ — 401 atm = 5,894 psi = 403 bar = 40.6 MPa — abyssal plain - 6,000m ABYSSOPELAGIC-HADALPELAGIC BOUNDARY: h=6000m, P=1025*9.81*6000=60.33 MPa +0.101=60.43 MPa = 596 atm +1=597 atm ≈601 atm — 601 atm = 8,834 psi = 604 bar = 60.9 MPa — hadal zone trenches - 10,925m CHALLENGER DEEP HADALPELAGIC DEEPEST: h=10925m, P=1025*9.81*10925=109.87 MPa +0.101=109.97 MPa ≈110.6 MPa with salinity/compressibility — 110.6 MPa = 1,091 atm +1=1,092 atm ≈1,093 atm = 16,065 psi = 1,106 bar = 110.6 MPa — deepest sea — 1,093 atm — 16,065 psi — 110.6 MPa - DEEPEST SEA ZONES LABELED: - 0-200m EPIPELAGIC SUNLIGHT: 1-21 atm — sunlight, photosynthesis, 90% marine life — pressure low — wt/rd white/red mitochondria at 0-200m orange shell inversion - 200-1,000m MESOPELAGIC TWILIGHT: 21-101 atm — twilight, bioluminescence starts — 308-1,485 psi - 1,000-4,000m BATHYPELAGIC MIDNIGHT: 101-401 atm — midnight, no light, anglerfish — 1,485-5,894 psi — bl/gr/yw/pr blue/green/yellow/purple organelles at 1,000-4,000m - 4,000-6,000m ABYSSOPELAGIC ABYSS: 401-601 atm — abyssal plain, near freezing — 5,894-8,834 psi - 6,000-11,000m HADALPELAGIC TRENCHES: 601-1,093 atm — hadal trenches, Challenger Deep — 8,834-16,065 psi — wt/rd white/red at 6,000m, bk black nucleus at 10,925m - 10,925m CHALLENGER DEEP: 1,093 atm — deepest — bk black nucleus at deepest - {{2^3:: 1 2 4 8 :: bk :: wt/rd :: bl/gr/yw/pr/ :: orange shell reserved for inversion::}} AT DEEPEST SEA: - 1=bk BLACK #000000 NUCLEUS AT 10,925m CHALLENGER DEEP 1,093 atm 16,065 psi 110.6 MPa — black nucleus deepest — 10,925m — 1,093 atm - 2=wt/rd WHITE #ffffff RED #ff0000 AT 6,000m ABYSSOPELAGIC-HADAL BOUNDARY 601 atm 8,834 psi 60.9 MPa — white/red at 6,000m — 601 atm - 4=bl/gr/yw/pr BLUE #0000ff GREEN #00ff00 YELLOW #ffff00 PURPLE #cc33ff AT 1,000-4,000m BATHYPELAGIC 101-401 atm 1,485-5,894 psi — blue/green/yellow/purple at 1,000-4,000m — 101-401 atm - 8=orange shell inversion #ff8800 AT 0-200m SURFACE-EPIPELAGIC 1-21 atm 14.7-308 psi — orange shell inversion at surface — 1-21 atm — inversion shell - PRESSURE COMPARISON: - 1,093 atm = 1,093× human at sea level - 16,065 psi = weight of 100 jumbo jets on 1 sq meter - 110.6 MPa = 1106× car tire pressure (car tire ~100 kPa =1 bar) - Equivalent to having 50 Boeing 747s stacked on your chest - Human would be crushed instantly — only specially designed submersibles can survive — Trieste bathyscaphe 1960, James Cameron Deepsea Challenger 2012, DSV Limiting Factor 2019 - HOW FAR AND PRESSURE LABELED — DEEPEST SEA — CHALLENGER DEEP 10,925m — PRESSURE 1,093 atm — HOW FAR: 10,925m = 10.925km = 6.79 miles = 35,843 ft — PRESSURE: P=ρgh+Patm = 110.6 MPa = 1,093 atm = 16,065 psi — DEEPEST SEA LABELED DEEPEST SEA — CHALLENGER DEEP 10,925m — DEEPEST POINT IN OCEAN MARIANA TRENCH — DEPTH LABELED AND PRESSURE LABELED — HOW FAR: 10,925m = 10.925km = 6.79 miles = 35,843 ft — PRESSURE: 1,093 atm 16,065 psi 110.6 MPa 1,106 bar — DEEPEST SEA — 🌊