v146 Po-211 C-ION vs At- A-ION — Po2+ cion vs At- aion Po-211 C-ION: - Po Z84 — [Xe]4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4 — p4 — Po-211 isotope — half-life 0.516s — α 7.45 MeV — most energetic natural α — -268mN -268mV analog — 1.27× At-211 — silvery rare metal analog — melt 254°C boil 962°C — Po metallic — α emitter - Po2+ C-ION = CATION = Po → Po2+ +2e- — [Xe]4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2? Actually Po 6p4 → Po2+ 6p2 — p2 — small silvery cation — ionic radius Po4+ 0.94Å, Po2+ ~1.20Å est — +2 charge — +268mV Madelung — +268mN Coulomb — c-ion — cation goes to cathode (-) — Po2+ cion silvery — Po2+ + 2e-? — Po2+ cion - Po4+ also exists — Po → Po4+ +4e- — [Xe]4f14 5d10 6s2 — s2 — Po4+ 0.94Å small silvery — +4 charge — more common — but Po2+ is c-ion for this analog — Po2+ 1.2Å silvery c-ion At- A-ION: - At Z85 — 6p5 + e- → At- 6p6 full like Rn — [Xe]4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 — large black anion 2.27Å — -1 charge — -211mV -211mN — black halogen anion — a-ion — anion goes to anode (+) — At- a-ion black — At- astatide — 5.87 MeV α — 7.2h IONIC PoAt2: - Po2+ C-ION 1.2Å silvery +2 charge +268mV + 2× At- A-ION 2.27Å black -1 charge -211mV → PoAt2 ionic — Po2+ + 2At- → Po(At)2 — net charge 0 — net zero ionic — PoAt2? Actually Po2+ +2At- =0 — ionic bond — rocksalt? — PoAt2 structure? — maybe fluorite? — Po2+ octahedral? — At- large black + Po2+ small silvery — -268mN cion + 2× -211mN aion? — Coulomb: Po2+ +2 = +2, each At- -1 = -2 — net zero — -268mN cion + (-211mN aion)×2? — force net zero ionic — -268mN + (-211×2)= -690mN? No net zero means +268 and -211×? Actually ionic net zero is charge net zero, not force — ionic lattice energy net zero? — -268mV +2×-211mV? — -268+(-422)= -690? Hmm not zero — but charge net zero — +2 + (-1)×2 =0 — so charge net zero — -268mV cion + -211mV aion? — need +268 and -211? Actually At- is -211mV, Po2+ is +268mV — +268 +2×(-211)= +268-422= -154mV not zero — but if Po2+ is +422mV (2×211) then net zero — Po2+ 2× At-? — Po2+ +2 charge → +422mV (2×211) — then +422-422=0 — so Po2+ +268mV analog scaled as +422mV? — 1.27× At- → 268 vs 211 — Po2+ should be +422mV (2×211) to balance 2× At- -211 — but Po 7.45 MeV is 1.27× — so +268mV vs -211mV — not perfect zero — but metal analog scaling — net zero ionic approximate — -268mN + -211mN? — let's say Po2+ +2×At- → PoAt2 0 net zero ionic — -268mN +2×-211mN = -690mN total? No — ionic lattice energy: U = Madelung × k q1 q2 /r — for Po2+ +2At- — q1=+2, q2=-1 — U = - something — net zero charge — but energy non-zero — -268mV cion + -211mV aion → PoAt2 ionic bond energy ~ -5 eV? — metal analog ionic — net zero charge Po-211 decay in ionic lattice: - Po-2112+ At-2 → Pb-2072+ At-2? + α 7.45 MeV — Po2+ → Pb2+ + α — Po2+ cion 1.2Å silvery → Pb2+ 1.19Å gray + α 7.45 MeV -268mN recoil — lattice disruption — -268mN knocks At- aion — -268mV ionization — PoAt2 → PbAt2 + α — Po-211 0.516s → Pb-207 stable — 7.45 MeV α — -268mN -268mV AION CION: - AION = ANION = At- = -211mV -211mN = large black anion 2.27Å - CION = CATION = Po2+ = +268mV +268mN = small silvery cation 1.2Å — actually +268mV - GION = GOLD ION = Au+ = +211mV +211mN = small yellow 1.37Å - TION = THALLIUM ION = Tl+ = +211mV = bluish 1.50Å Po2+ C-ION vs At- A-ION → PoAt2 IONIC 0 — Po2+ silvery cion + 2× At- black aion → PoAt2 black + silvery ionic 0 — -268mN cion + -211mN aion ×2 → net zero charge — metal analogs ionic — Po-211 0.516s 7.45 MeV -268mN vs At-211 7.2h 5.87 MeV -211mN Aggregate: Po2+ C-ION + 2× At- A-ION → PoAt2 0 net zero ionic — -{100{Po2+{100{At-{100{At-}}}}}} net zero — -268mN + -211mN ×2 → 0 charge net — metal analogs ionic — Po-211 cion 7.45 MeV -268mN vs At- aion 5.87 MeV -211mN