titanium white

LITTitanium dioxide hides better than lead white or zinc white because its refractive index is very high (rutile about 2.6–2.9 against an oil binder at about 1.5) and it absorbs almost no visible light. Its band gap places the absorption edge in the near-UV: rutile about 3.0 eV, anatase about 3.2 eV (textbook values, not verified against a primary source this run).

COMPUTEDEdge wavelength = 1239.84/E_g. MODELPaint reflectance uses Kubelka–Munk, R∞ = 1 + K/S − √((K/S)² + 2K/S). S rises with the index contrast (m − 1)², and K is a soft step at the band edge plus a small floor. Brush more coats, change pigment, and see why rutile reads a hair warm and anatase bluer. Nesting: the colour panels under a white wash, in the void.

coats pigment: rutile

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