The Voynich Vellum

UNDECIPHEREDThe Voynich Manuscript (Beinecke MS 408, vellum radiocarbon-dated to 1404–1438) is written in a script no one has read. This page does not decipher it. It measures it. The text is the Zandbergen–Landini EVA transliteration (ZL 3b, 2025), where each glyph is written as a Latin letter by convention (EVA), so the letters here are labels, not sounds.

LITWhole manuscript (ZL 3b, clean words only):

MEASUREDCurrier's two "languages", side by side. the first herbal pages in Language A () and the first in Language B (), both herbal so the subject matter is held roughly constant. Entropy per glyph h1, conditional entropy h2 (next glyph given this one) and index of coincidence, computed now in your browser.

Low h2 is the famous oddity: each Voynich glyph predicts the next far more than letters do in European languages (h2 near 3 bits for Latin or English text, per published studies). Nobody knows why.

EMERGENTThe vine. A glyph-level Markov chain trained on the section you pick grows "words" like a herbal stem. These are imitations of the statistics, not Voynich text and not a decipherment. Tap to grow; the closer the imitation's h2 gets to the source, the more convincing (and the more meaningless) it is.

Source: R. Zandbergen & G. Landini, ZL transliteration v3b, voynich.nu (IVTFF); Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library, MS 408. Words containing unreadable glyphs are skipped. Elements here, per McCrone Associates' materials analysis (1 April 2009, for the Beinecke): one iron-gall ink (Fe) was in all probability used for both text and drawings; the blue paint is ground azurite with minor cuprite; the green is copper-based (organic material consistent with copper resinate plus copper-chloride compounds consistent with atacamite). Re-checked against the report Oct 2026.

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