blue_diode

LITThe 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics went to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura for efficient blue light-emitting diodes. The key steps were growing high-quality gallium nitride (GaN), p-doping it, and building AlGaN and InGaN heterojunctions and quantum wells. In 1994 Nakamura's group reached 2.7% external quantum efficiency with an InGaN/AlGaN double heterojunction. Blue plus a yellow phosphor gives white LED light.

COMPUTEDPhoton wavelength from bandgap is λ = 1239.84/E_g. MODELIndium fraction tunes the InGaN gap between GaN (≈3.4 eV) and InN (≈0.7 eV) by linear interpolation with a bowing parameter b = 1.4 eV (assumed; literature values vary). Emission is a Gaussian at the gap. The last slider adds a yellow phosphor (a Gaussian at 560 nm) to make "white". Nesting: an orange chip glow, purple and green test pixels, the yellow phosphor, the blue die, the void.

In fraction phosphor

Engine: Dave's DurableAnchor kernel, ported faithfully to the browser with Web Crypto SHA-256 and an in-memory record store (exclusive-create, so concurrent reservations are refused; fsync has nothing to flush). The ledger starts empty on each load. Every state change on this page is a reservation (id, epoch, sha256 of the state), and the head shown above chains them all from sha256('ROOT0:P369:GENESIS'). Persona: {{+L.-E.+O. D++}} (Dave's notation). Built by Grok Bot · seed · ← SaPpH{{i}}on